Improvement in metal-planing machines



wiLLIAM sELLEns, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN METAL-,PLANING MACHINES.

Specification forming part of' Lei-ters Patent No. 36,1 13, dated lAugust 5,1962.

To all whom it may concern: v

Be it known that I, WILLIAM SnLLEns, of the city of Philadelphia and State of PennsyL Vania, have-invented al new and useful Improvement in Planing-Machiues for Metal; and

I do hereby decla-re the following to be a full and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, and to the iignres and letters of' reference .marked thereon.

rlhe object of my invention is, first, to simplify the construction of planing-machines for metal; second, to provide a more thoroughv system of bracing the bed between the uprights; third, to impart a smooth and uniform motion to the table upon which is placed the metal to be planed; and, fourth, to place the pulley-shaft so that its axis may be parallel with the'line of motion of the table, thus enablin g these machines to be placed parallel to lathes and permitting a better arrangement of work-shops.

In all the forms of planers in common use there are motions in common, the principal .one of which is the reciprocating motion of the table, and arrangements for len gthenin ger shortenin g its stroke. They a-re all arranged so that the variation .of length of stroke can be combined with the adjustment of the generalposition of the table under the cutting-tool, and the reciprocating motionto the table is usually accomplished in one of three ways, viz: by a chain 'passing several times around a drum to which it is securely fastened, and having its ends attached to opposite ends of the table, the rotation of the drum giving a rectipinion motion, in which the rack is attached to the under side of the table, the rotation of the pinion in either direction causing a corresponding movement tothe table. This last is probably the one in most common use, and it is this form which my invention is intended to improve.

The nature ot my invention consists 1n furnishing the table with a rack, and in operating' this rack, notby the Ordinar r spur-gearing, but

yby a peculiar form of spiral gearing, which enables the drivin g-shaft to cross the bed diagonally, passing out in aposition near enough to the upright to enable the driving-belts to be within reach of the operator.

To describe the machine more particularly, reference maybe had to the accompanying drawing, making part of this specification, in

which the same letters of reference allude to similar parts throughout the several views,

and in whichiFigure l represents a side elevation of a l planiu g-machine containing my improvein ents. Fig. 2 is amend view, partly drawn 1n section.

Fig. 3 is a plan of the machine, with the table V-,groove. To the under side of thetable, and

central between the slides a. a., and. extending its entire length, is attached the rack E.

Motion is communicated to the table by means of a spirallytoothed pinion, G, upon a shaft, F, crossing the bed diagonally, (in the manner best seen in Fig. 3,) said pinion Gr gear- .in g with the rack E. rlhis pinion is in fact a short piece of a coarse screw, the position of the teeth uponthe saine being as the threads of a screw of a steep pitch and of a like number of threads to that of the teeth in the pinion. The drivingshaft F revolves in bearings b and c at both ends of the spiral pinion G, which bearings are cast in the bedl and connected by a trough, el, serving as a receptacle for the lubricating material, in which the pinion G is kept constantly running.

The end ot' shaft F in the bearing b rep ceives a portion ofthe thrust from the mot-ion of the table under the' cut against a step, H, while a portion of the lesser thrust during the return motion of the table is received against the hardened collars dl and d2 at the other side of G, d1 being fastened against the end of bearin g o and d2 attached to Vthe shaft F.

AThe remainder smaller portion of this thrust is received against they sides of vthe bearings b and-c. f The shaft F is, at the end opposite to the step ISL-supported in a third bearing attached to a stand, I, and outside of this bearing provided with a bevel-wheel, J, which is driven from a pinion, K, on the pulley-- shaft L, the latter having the usual fast pulley4 f i and loose pulleys e ande', transmitting alternately, by means of an open and crossed belt from the counter-shaft above,` the power for the reciprocating movement of the table.

Upon reference to Fig. 4 it will be seen that the position of the teeth in the rack of the ta- 4ble slightly varies from a right angle'to the lille of motion. This is done to counterbalance the side pressure which would otherwise be produced upon the table by the action of the screw under cut, the degree offvariation being equivalent vto the coeieient of I friction produced by the action of the screw.

`|lhe advantages of my improvement as regards faeilitiesfor. bracing the bed in the parts under strain.' from? the ent lwill be obvious from vreference to Fig.4 3. Here it will be seen that the sides of the bed directly between the posts of the nprigh'ts B and B are firmly braeed'by a box-shaped connection consisting of the vertical ribs il i and top and betteln plates]l j, while in the ordinary rack-planer Y the same space is occupied Aby the gearing,.A

and in the screw -planer this 'brace must be much diminished in height-to give Vroom for the screw and nut, so that the strengthening of the most vital part of the machine is rendered very diflicult. In addition to the above braces, the bearings' b and e of the shaft-F, united by means .of the trough d, connect the two sides of the bed in such a-manner as to effectually strengthen it to resist thcend thrust ofthe shaft F. y

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- The use of cogged gearing for planing-inachines wherein'one ofV the series of co'gs has its contact-surfaces,formed by straight lines inthe 'direction of its width, while the otherseries have their contact-surfaces arranged spirally about a-naxis which is placed at an4 anglefto the'line'of motion of the first series;l

' WM. SELLERS.

Witnesses:

Jos. I3.v IloUGH, OLIVER Hoven. 

